Module 06

The moon that night

PLATE № 06 — LUNAR DISC
ILLUMINATION FROM EPHEMERIDES · NOT AN AVERAGE MONTH
EPOCH ·

The fraction of the Moon that was lit on the night you were born, how far away it was, and — the part almost every version of this gets wrong — which way round it appeared from the hemisphere you were in.

Amsterdam, Netherlands

Waning gibbousAmsterdam, Netherlands
Phase
Waning gibbous
Lit
58.6%
of the disc facing Earth
Age
21.9
days since the new moon before it
Distance
380,883
kilometres, centre to centre

Between the extremes of the orbit, which range from about 356,500 to 406,700 kilometres.

Apparent size
31.4
arcminutes across
Which way up

Lit on the left, as it hung from the northern hemisphere. From the southern hemisphere the same phase is mirrored — lit on the right.

Nineteen years is 235 lunations to within a couple of hours, so the Moon returns to nearly the same phase on the same date. Nearly: nineteen calendar years is a whole number of days and 235 lunations is not, and the two drift apart.

DateLitDrift
15 JUN 200955.3% Third quarter3.4 pts
15 JUN 202847.9% Third quarter10.7 pts
15 JUN 204749.2% Third quarter9.4 pts

Measured across two hundred birth dates: the illuminated fraction usually comes back within a couple of percentage points, and the phase keeps the same name about nine times out of ten.

Phase is very nearly a global fact — two people on opposite sides of the Earth see the same fraction lit at the same moment. What differs is the orientation, which is why this asks where you were.

The drawing shows the disc as it appears when the Moon is high in the sky. Closer to the horizon the whole thing tilts, by an amount that depends on the time of night as well as the latitude.

Age is measured by finding the new moon that actually preceded the moment. The month between two new moons runs from about 29.27 to 29.83 days, so dividing by an average would be wrong by up to several hours.

Positions from the astronomy-engine implementation of the VSOP87 and ELP2000 series.